Ekutshalweni kuka-anyanisi oluhlaza, igalikhi, ama-leek, u-anyanisi kanye neminye imifino ka-anyanisi negalikhi, isimo se-tip eyomile siyenzeka kalula. Uma ukulawula kungalawulwa kahle, inani elikhulu lamaqabunga esitshalo sonke liyoma. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, insimu izoba njengomlilo. Kunomthelela omkhulu ekuvuneni, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabangeli sivuno. Iyini imbangela yalokhu nokuthi kungavinjelwa kanjani? Namuhla, ngingathanda ukuncoma i-fungicide enhle kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu, enomthelela ophawulekayo ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni u-anyanisi oluhlaza negalikhi.
1. Izimbangela zethiphu elomile
Kunezizathu eziningi zamaphuzu omile emifino ka-anyanisi negalikhi, ikakhulukazi awemvelo nalawo abangela izifo. Amaphuzu omile anezakhiwo ezinhle zomzimba abangelwa kakhulu yisomiso nokuntuleka kwamanzi, kanti amaphuzu omile abangela izifo abangelwa kakhulu yisikhunta esimpunga kanye nokulimala. , Isizathu esibaluleke kakhulu sokukhiqizwa kwesihloko esomile yisikhunta esimpunga kanye nokulimala.
2. Izimpawu eziyinhloko
Isikhunta esimpunga esibangelwa u-anyanisi oluhlaza, ugalikhi, i-leek kanye nezinye. Isihloko esomile sika-anyanisi nemifino yegalikhi sivame ukuba “luhlaza okomile”, ekuqaleni, emaqabungeni kumila amabala amaningi amhlophe, lapho izinga lokushisa nomswakama kufaneleka, amabala esifo asakazeka kusukela esicongweni seqabu kuye ezansi, okuholela ekomeni kweqabu. Uma umswakama uphakeme, ungqimba olukhulu lwesikhunta esimpunga lungakheka emaqabungeni afile.
Izihloko ezomile zika-anyanisi oluhlaza, igalikhi, i-leek kanye neminye imifino ebangelwa yilesi sifo ngokuvamile “zimhlophe ezomile”. Ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, kuvela amabala aluhlaza namhlophe emaqabunga, aba amabala ampunga namhlophe ngemva kokukhula, futhi wonke amaqabunga ayabuna esigabeni sakamuva. Lapho imvula noma umswakama uphezulu, lesi sifo sikhula isikhunta esimhlophe esifana noboya; Lapho isimo sezulu somile, isikhunta esimhlophe siyanyamalala, sidabule i-epidermis bese sibona i-mycelium emhlophe efana noboya. Lapho lesi sifo sibi kakhulu, insimu iyomile, njengomlilo.
3. Imbangela yalesi sifo
Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezifanele, umswakama ophezulu yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuvela nokusabalala kwe-botrytis kanye ne-blight. I-Botrytis cinerea kanye ne-Phytophthora ikakhulukazi ebusika noma ehlobo enhlabathini enamathele emzimbeni onesifo. Lapho izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama kufaneleka, amabhaktheriya abangela izifo asele emzimbeni onesifo aqala ukuhluma, akhiqize inani elikhulu le-hyphae kanye ne-conidia, ezihlasela inhlabathi. Emzimbeni womsingathi, futhi amunce izakhamzimba emaseli noma emaseli omsingathi ukuze akhule futhi azale.
Lezi conidia noma i-mycelium zisakazeka ensimini ngomoya, imvula, amanzi okunisela, njll., futhi ziyaqhubeka nokuthelela ezinye izitshalo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokushisa nomswakama, ukusabalala kusakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile kungabangela ukwenzeka okukhulu cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-7.
4. Izindlela zokuvimbela
(1) khetha izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo.
（2）, hlanza ingadi, susa amagciwane ngesikhathi ukuze uvimbele ukusabalala kwamagciwane.
（3）, naka ukugeleza kwamanzi ensimini, vimbela amanzi ensimini.
(4), tshala izithombo eziqinile, faka umanyolo wezinto eziphilayo owengeziwe, sebenzisa i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, umanyolo we-potassium ngendlela efanele, thuthukisa ukumelana nezifo zezitshalo.
(5), isifutho sokuqala50% i-carbendazimumphumela woketshezi muhle. 6. Hlanza izinsalela ezigulayo ensimini ngesikhathi esifanele ngemva kokuvunwa kuka-anyanisi, bese uzibhubhisa phakathi nendawo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-31-2023
