Kwezolimo, ama-fungicides awasebenzi nje kuphela ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni izifo, kodwa futhi nasekuthuthukiseni isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezitshalo. Kodwa-ke, imakethe igcwele imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yokubulala isikhunta, izinga layo liyahlukahluka. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izici eziyinhloko ezithinta ikhwalithi ye-fungicides? Kuleli phepha, sizoxoxa ngekhwalithi kanye nenani lezithako ezisebenzayo zama-fungicides kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe bokucubungula izibulala-zinambuzane.
Ikhwalithi kanye nenani lezithako ezisebenzayo zama-fungicides
Izinhlobo kanye nendima Yezithako Ezisebenzayo
Isithako esisebenzayo sesikhunta siyingxenye eyinhloko yomsebenzi wawo, futhi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezithako ezisebenzayo zinezinqubo ezihlukene zesenzo. Isibonelo, amalungiselelo ethusi avimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane ngokukhulula i-ion yethusi, kuyilapho ukulungiswa kwesibabule kuvimbela inqubo ye-metabolic yamagciwane ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokuvala inzalo. Ukukhethwa kanye nengxenye yezithako ezisebenzayo kunomthelela oqondile ekusebenzeni kwama-fungicides.
Okuqukethwe kwezithako ezisebenzayo
Okuqukethwe kwezithako ezisebenzayo kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokukala ikhwalithi yama-fungicides. Ama-fungicide anokuqukethwe kwesithako esisebenzayo okunganele ngokuvamile ahluleka ukufeza umphumela wokulawula olindelekile, kuyilapho isithako esisebenzayo esiphezulu kakhulu singabangela ukulimala ezitshalweni kanye nemvelo. Ngakho-ke, okuqukethwe okunengqondo kwezithako ezisebenzayo kungaqinisekisa kokubili umphumela we-bactericidal, kodwa futhi nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusetshenziswa.
Ukwakhiwa nokuxuba ama-fungicides
Ama-fungicides ngokuvamile enziwa ngengxube yezingxenye, okuhlanganisa izithako ezisebenzayo, izithasiselo nezincibilikisi. Ingxenye yezingxenye ezahlukene kanye nenqubo yokuxuba ithinta ngokuqondile ukuzinza kwesikhunta kanye nokusetshenziswa komphumela. Isibulali sikhunta sekhwalithi enhle kufanele sibe nokwakheka okufanayo kanye nokuxuba okuhle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umphumela omuhle kakhulu ungenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi uma usetshenziswa.
Izinga lobuchwepheshe bokucubungula izibulala-zinambuzane
Umthelela wokucubungula ubuchwepheshe kwikhwalithi yama-fungicides
Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula izibulala-zinambuzane buhlanganisa ukuklama ukubunjwa, inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi. Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuthuthukisiwe abukwazi ukwandisa kuphela isithako esisebenzayo sama-fungicides, kodwa futhi sithuthukise izakhiwo zabo ze-physicochemical, zibenze zizinze futhi zisebenze kahle. Isibonelo, ubuchwepheshe be-microemulsification bungathuthukisa ukuncibilika kanye nokungeneka kwama-fungicides, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise umphumela wawo wokubulala amagciwane.
Izakhiwo ze-Physicochemical of biocides
Izakhiwo ze-physicochemical of biocides zihlanganisa ukuncibilika, ukuzinza, uketshezi nokunye. Ama-biocides ekhwalithi ephezulu kufanele abe nokuncibilika okuhle nokuzinza, futhi akulula ukubola noma ukushona phansi ngesikhathi sokugcinwa nokusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fluidity enhle ingaqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwesikhunta esisetshenziswayo futhi sithuthukise umphumela wokulawula.
Ukuqamba okusha kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi
Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula ama-fungicides nawo ahlala enza izinto ezintsha. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanotechnology kuma-fungicides kungathuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwezithako zayo ezisebenzayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise umphumela wokuvala inzalo futhi kunciphise umthamo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuhlakaniphile bungakwazi ukulawula kahle inqubo yokukhiqiza futhi buthuthukise izinga lezibulala-sikhunta.
Imikhiqizo yokubulala izinambuzane emakethe
Imiphumela eyingozi yezibulala-zinambuzane ezingenamsebenzi
Izibulala-zinambuzane eziyi-Shoddy azigcini nje ngokuphumelela ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni izifo, kodwa zingase zidale umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni, endaweni ezungezile kanye nempilo yabantu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ezingenabulungiswa kungase kuholele ekuncipheni kwesivuno noma ngisho nokuhluleka kwezitshalo, kungcolise inhlabathi nemithombo yamanzi, futhi kubeke engozini indawo ezungezile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithako eziyingozi kwizibulala-zinambuzane ezingaqinile zingase zingene emzimbeni womuntu ngochungechunge lokudla, zibeke impilo engozini.
Izindlela zokubona izibulala-zinambuzane ezingenangqondo
Indlela yokuhlonza izibulala-zinambuzane ezingaqinile ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi ukubheka ukupakishwa kwempahla kanye nokulebula, ukuhlola izici ezingokomzimba nezamakhemikhali zokulungiswa. Abathengi lapho kuthengwa ama-fungicides, kufanele bakhethe imigudu esemthethweni, bahlole ngokucophelela ukupakishwa komkhiqizo kanye nokulebula, uma kunesidingo, kungahlolwa ngezakhiwo zawo ezibonakalayo namakhemikhali ukuze kutholakale izinga lawo.
Indlela yokubona izinga lama-fungicides
Ukuqashelwa ngokupakishwa kwempahla nokulebula
Ukupakishwa kanye nokulebula ama-fungicides kuyisisekelo esibalulekile sokwahlulela ikhwalithi yawo. Ukupakishwa kwesikhunta okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kuvame ukwenziwa ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, iziqukathi zokupakisha ziwumsebenzi omuhle kakhulu, zivalwa ngokuqinile futhi ngobunono. Ilebula kufanele ikhombise igama lesibulala-zinambuzane, imininingwane, inombolo yokubhalisa, inombolo yelayisense yokukhiqiza, isisindo esiphelele, umkhiqizi, isigaba, imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa, izimpawu zobuthi, izinyathelo zokuphepha, idethi yokukhiqiza kanye nenombolo yeqoqo nokunye okuqukethwe. Akukho ukulebula, ukulimala kokulebula noma okuqukethwe okungacacile komkhiqizo, ikhwalithi ngokuvamile kunzima ukuyiqinisekisa.
Izakhiwo zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali kusukela ekulungiseleleni izinga
Izakhiwo zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali esikhunta ziyinkomba ebalulekile yekhwalithi yayo. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokulungiselela izibulala-sikhunta zinezakhiwo ezihlukene zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali nezindlela zokuzisebenzisa, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqonda imvelo kanye namazinga ekhwalithi lapho uthenga futhi wahlulela ngokufanele.
Ukupakishwa nokulebula ama-fungicides
Izici zokupakisha zama-fungicides ekhwalithi ephezulu
Ukupakishwa kwama-fungicides ekhwalithi ephezulu kufanele kwenziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme ezinokuvalwa okuhle nokuqina. Ukuphrinta kuphakheji kufanele kucace futhi kuphelele ngaphandle kokufiphaza noma ukuphuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuklama kanye nempahla yephakheji kufanele ikwazi ukuvikela ngokuphumelelayo ukuzinza kwe-biocide ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuthutha.
Lebula imininingwane yokuqukethwe kanye nokuhlonza
Amalebula esikhunta afanelekile kufanele afake imininingwane yomkhiqizo enemininingwane, njengegama lesibulala-zinambuzane, imininingwane, abakhiqizi, imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa nokunye. Okuqukethwe kulebula kufanele kucace, kufane futhi kuphrintwe ngekhwalithi ephezulu. Abathengi kufanele bahlole ngokucophelela okuqukethwe ilebula lapho bethenga ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi umkhiqizo othengiwe uwukukhiqizwa okuvamile kwemikhiqizo efanelekayo.
Emulsifiable Concentrates, amafutha, emulsifiers nezinye liquid amalungiselelo ukwahlulela izinga
Ukubukeka Nokuzinza Kwe-Emulsifiable Concentrates
Ikhwalithi enhle yokugxilisa emulsifiable kufanele kube uketshezi olunamafutha asobala ngaphandle kwemvula esobala. Kwezinye izinhlobo ezikhethekile zokugxilwa kwe-emulsifiable, njenge-2,4-dichlorobutyl ester, ukubukeka kwe-opacity noma i-crystallization phenomenon nakho kuyamukeleka, kodwa kudinga ukushiswa kancane noma ukunyakaziswa ngemva kokuba amakristalu angancibilika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzinza kwe-emulsion nokusabalalisa okumanzi nakho kuyinkomba ebalulekile yekhwalithi. I-diluted emulsifiable concentrate kufanele ingabi nawoyela antantayo kanye nemvula, futhi ingabamanzisa amaqabunga ezitshalo.
I-Turbidity kanye nemvula Yezixazululo
Izisombululo zekhwalithi ephezulu kufanele zibe uketshezi olufanayo nolubonisa ngale, ngaphandle kwe-turbidity esobala noma imvula. Uma Izisombululo zibonakala ziguqubele noma zinemvula, zibhekwa njengezinga eliphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbala Wezixazululo kufanele uhambisane nezinga lomkhiqizo, futhi uma umbala uhluka kakhulu, ikhwalithi kufanele futhi ibuzwe.
Ukungafihli kanye Nokuhambisana Kokwakhiwa Kwawoyela
Ikhwalithi enhle Ukwakhiwa Kwawoyela kufanele kube uketshezi olucacile, lwesigaba esisodwa esingaxubeki namanzi ukuze kwakheka ama-emulsions. Uma ama-Oil Formulations enza ama-emulsions noma ama-delaminate lapho amanzi engezwa, angase abe ikhwalithi ephansi ye-Oil Formulations noma ezinye izinhlobo zokwakheka.
Ukwahlulelwa Kwekhwalithi Yezimo Eziqinile Ezinjengama-Powder, ama-WP kanye namaGranules
Ubuhle kanye Nokugeleza Kwezimpushana Eziqinile
Ama-Quality Dustable Powder kufanele abe nokucoleka okuthile nokufana, futhi umbala kufanele uhambisane nezinga lomkhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-Dustable Powder kufanele abe ne-fluidity enhle, kungabikho izigaxa futhi kungabikho i-flocculent. Uma izigaxa zingakheka lapho ama-Dustable Powder ebanjwa ngesandla ngamandla, kusho ukuthi okuqukethwe kwamanzi kwe-Dustable Powders kukhulu kakhulu futhi ukuhlakazeka noma uketshezi oluncane lubi.
Ukusebenza Ukumanzisa kanye Nezinga Lokumiswa Kwezimpushana Ezimanzi
Ikhwalithi enhle I-Wettable Powder kufanele ikwazi ukumanziswa ngokushesha ngamanzi ukuze yenze i-suspension, futhi ngeke ihlale ngesikhathi esifushane. Uma isikhathi sokumanzisa siside kakhulu noma sina ngokushesha, ama-Wettable Powder awekhwalithi ephansi. Ezinye izidingo zekhwalithi ziyafana neDustable Powder.
Ukufana nokuhlakazeka kwamaGranules
Ikhwalithi enhle Izinhlayiya kufanele zibe nezinhlayiya ezifanayo ezinokuqukethwe kwempushana ephansi kanye nezinhlayiya ezingaguquki. Ama-Granules Ahlakazekayo angahlakazeka phakathi nesikhathi esithile lapho evezwe emanzini, kuyilapho Ama-Granules angahlukani kufanele ahlale eqinile isikhathi esithile. Ama-Aqua Granules kufanele abe nokuhlakazeka okuhle kanye nezinga lokuqedwa ngokushesha emanzini.
Ukuhlolwa kwezinye izakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali
Ukunqunywa kokuqukethwe komswakama
Okuqukethwe umswakama kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta ikhwalithi nokuzinza kwama-fungicides. Ama-fungicides anomswakama owedlulele athambekele ekubeni amakhekhe futhi awonakele, ngakho adinga ukukalwa ngamasu akhethekile noma izinto zokusebenza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwawo ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kanye nokusetshenziswa.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-acidity kanye ne-alkalinity
I-pH ye-biocide izothinta umphumela wayo nokuzinza. I-pH efanelekile ingathuthukisa umsebenzi nokuzinza kwesibulala-sikhunta, ngakho-ke lapho uthenga, kufanele kunakwe ukuthi i-pH yomkhiqizo iyahlangabezana yini nezinga.
Ukuhlaziywa kokuqukethwe ukungcola
Okuqukethwe ukungcola kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta ikhwalithi yama-fungicides. Ama-fungicides anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kokungcola ngeke anciphise umphumela wawo kuphela, kodwa futhi angadala ukulimala ezitshalweni nasendaweni ezungezile. Ngakho-ke, amasu okuhlaziya akhethekile ayadingeka ukuze kutholwe okuqukethwe ukungcola kuma-fungicides.
Isiphetho
Ukufingqa, izinga lemithi yokubulala isikhunta lithinteka kakhulu yizici ezimbili: ikhwalithi kanye nenani lezithako ezisebenzayo kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe bokucubungula izibulala-zinambuzane. Lapho uthenga ama-fungicides, abathengi kufanele bahlole ngokucophelela ukupakishwa kanye nokulebula kwemikhiqizo, baqonde izici zayo ze-physicochemical, futhi bakhethe imigudu esemthethweni yokuthenga imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho singaqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwama-fungicides, futhi sinikeze isiqinisekiso esiqinile sokukhula okunempilo kwezitshalo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQs)
1. Isithako esisebenzayo somuthi wokukhunta sithinta kanjani izitshalo?
Isithako esisebenzayo siwumgogodla we-fungicide, sinokuvinjelwa okuqondile kanye nomphumela wokubulala kulesi sifo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwawo okunengqondo kungathuthukisa impilo kanye nesivuno sezitshalo.
2. Ungahlukanisa kanjani phakathi kwe-Emulsifiable Concentrates and Solutions?
I-Emulsifiable Concentrates ngokuvamile iwuketshezi olunamafutha asobala, kuyilapho Izixazululo ziwuketshezi olusobala olufanayo. I-Emulsifiable Concentrates kufanele ingabi nawoyela antantayo kanye nemvula ngemva kokwengeza amanzi, kuyilapho Izisombululo zibhekwa njengezinga eliphansi uma liguqubele noma lina.
3. Kungani kubalulekile ukupakishwa kwama-biocides asezingeni eliphezulu?
Ukupakishwa kwekhwalithi kungavikela ngempumelelo ukuzinza kwama-biocides ngesikhathi sokugcinwa nokuthutha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuwohloka nokwehluleka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ulwazi lokulebula kuphakheji lungasiza futhi abathengi ukukhomba ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
4. Yiziphi izingozi zemvelo zama-biocides angenalutho?
Ama-fungicides angamanga awagcini nje ngokungasebenzi ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni izifo, kodwa angase futhi angcolise inhlabathi nemithombo yamanzi, abangele imithelela emibi yesikhathi eside ku-ecosystem futhi abeke engozini impilo yabantu ngochungechunge lokudla.
5. Yini okufanele ngiyinake lapho ngithenga ama-fungicides?
Lapho uthenga imithi yokubulala isikhunta, kufanele ukhethe amashaneli avamile, uhlole ukuthi ukupakishwa nokulebula kusezingeni yini, uqonde izithako ezisebenzayo kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali omkhiqizo, futhi ugweme ukuthenga imikhiqizo engenamalebula, amalebula awonakele noma okuqukethwe okufiphele.
Kuhunyushwe nge-DeepL.com (inguqulo yamahhala)
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-05-2024
