I-Dichlorvos, njengesibulala-zinambuzane se-organophosphorus esisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi esibanzi, sisebenza ngokuvimbela i-enzyme i-acetylcholinesterase emzimbeni wesinambuzane, ngaleyo ndlela ibangele ukuvinjelwa kokuqhutshwa kwemizwa nokufa kwesinambuzane. I-Dichlorvos inemisebenzi yokufutha, ukuthela ubuthi esiswini kanye nokubulala ukuthintwa, enesikhathi esifushane sokusala, futhi ifanele ukulawula izinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane, okuhlanganisa i-Hemiptera, i-Lepidoptera, i-Coleoptera, i-Diptera, nezicabucabu ezibomvu. I-Dichlorvos ibola kalula ngemva kokufaka isicelo, inesikhathi esifushane sokusala futhi ayinayo insalela, ngakho isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezolimo.
I-Dichlorvos(2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate, evame ukufushaniswa njengeI-DDVP) yini-organophosphateesetshenziswa kabanzi njengeisibulala-zinambuzaneukulawula izinambuzane zasendlini, empilweni yomphakathi, nokuvikela imikhiqizo egciniwe ezinambuzaneni.
I-Dichlorvos ilungele ukulawula izinambuzane ezitshalweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ummbila, irayisi, ukolweni, ukotini, ubhontshisi wesoya, ugwayi, imifino, izihlahla zetiye, izihlahla zikamalibhele nokunye.
Izinambuzane zelayisi, njenge-planthopper ensundu, i-rice thrips, i-rice leafhopper, njll.
Izinambuzane zemifino: isib. impukane yeklabishi eluhlaza, inundu yeklabishi, inundu ye-kale nightshade, inundu etshekile, i-cabbage borer, i-yellow flea beetle, i-aphid yeklabishi, njll.
Izinambuzane zikakotini: isb. i-cotton aphid, i-cotton red leaf mite, i-cotton bollworm, i-cotton red bollworm, njll.
Okunhlobonhlobo okusanhlamvu izinambuzane: njenge-corn borer, njll.
Izilokazane zezitshalo ze-oilseed kanye nemali: isb. i-heartworm ye-soya, njll.
Izinambuzane zesihlahla setiye: isib. i-geometrids yetiye, amacimbi etiye, izintwala zetiye namahosha amaqabunga.
Izinambuzane zezihlahla zezithelo: isib. ama-aphid, izibungu, amabhu agingqika amaqabunga, amabhu aheji, amabhu azalayo, njll.
Izinambuzane zenhlanzeko: isb omiyane, izimpukane, izimbungulu, amaphela, njll.
Izilokazane ze-warehouse: isib. izimpungushe zerayisi, abaphangi okusanhlamvu, amabhungane okusanhlamvu namabhu kakolo.
Ukwakhiwa okuvamile kwe-Dichlorvos kufaka phakathi u-80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate), 50% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) kanye no-77.5% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate). Amasu okusebenza athile anemininingwane ngezansi:
I-planthopper ensundu:
I-DDVP 80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 1500 - 2250 ml/ha ku-9000 - 12000 wamalitha amanzi.
Sabalalisa i-DDVP 80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 2250-3000 ml/ha no-300-3750 kg wenhlabathi eyomile kancane noma 225-300 kg wezikhuni zamapulangwe emasimini erayisi anganiselwanga.
Sebenzisa i-DDVP 50% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 450 - 670 ml/ha, xuba namanzi bese ufafaza ngokulinganayo.
Impukane yemifino:
Faka i-80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 600 - 750 ml/ha emanzini bese ufafaza ngokulinganayo, ukusebenza kahle kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezimbili.
Sebenzisa u-77.5% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 600 ml/ha, fafaza ngokulinganayo ngamanzi.
Sebenzisa 50% EC (emulsifiable concentrate) 600 - 900 ml/ha, fafaza ngokulinganayo ngamanzi.
I-Brassica campestris, i-aphid yeklabishi, i-cabbage borer, i-nightshade enemigqa etshekile, ibhungane elinemithende ephuzi, i-bean borer yasendle:
Sebenzisa i-DDVP 80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 600 - 750 ml/ha, fafaza ngokulinganayo ngamanzi, ukusebenza kahle kuthatha izinsuku ezi-2.
Izintwala:
Sebenzisa i-DDVP 80%EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 1000 - 1500 izikhathi eziwuketshezi, ufafazwe ngokulinganayo.
Isikelemu sikakotini:
Faka i-DDVP 80%EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) izikhathi eziyi-1000 zoketshezi, ufafazwe ngokulinganayo, futhi iphinde ibe nomthelela wokwelapha kanyekanye kuzimbungulu ezinuka ukotini eziyimpumputhe, izimbungulu zebhuloho elincane likakotini nokunye.
I-soybean heartworm:
Sika isikhwebu sommbila sibe ngamasentimitha ayi-10, ubhoboze imbobo ekugcineni bese uphonsa u-2 ml we-DDVP 80% EC (emulsifiable concentrate), bese ubeka isikhwebu sombila esiconsa nomuthi egatsheni likabhontshisi wesoya ebangeni elingamasentimitha angama-30 ukusuka phansi futhi yibambe iqine, beka izikhwebu ezingama-750/ihektha, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwenkathi yomuthi kungafinyelela ezinsukwini eziyi-10 - 15.
Izimbungulu ezinamathelayo, ama-aphid:
Sebenzisa i-DDVP 80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 1500 - 2000 izikhathi eziwuketshezi, fafaza ngokulinganayo.
Ama-aphid, izibungu, amabhu e-leaf roller, ama-hedge moths, ama-nesting moths njll:
Sebenzisa i-DDVP 80%EC (emulsifiable concentrate) 1000 - 1500 izikhathi zoketshezi, ufafazwe ngokulinganayo, ukusebenza kahle kuthatha izinsuku ezi-2 - 3, kulungele ukufaka isicelo ezinsukwini eziyi-7 - 10 ngaphambi kokuvuna.
I-rice weevil, isigebengu sokusanhlamvu, isigebengu sokusanhlamvu, i-grain borer kanye nebhu likakolweni:
Sebenzisa i-DDVP 80% EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) 25-30 ml/100 cubic metres endaweni yokugcina impahla. Imicu ye-Gauze namaphepha aminyene angacwiliswa nge-EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) bese ilenga ngokulinganayo endaweni yokugcina impahla engenalutho futhi ivalwe amahora angama-48.
Nciphisa i-dichlorvos izikhathi ezingu-100 - 200 ngamanzi bese uyifafaza odongeni naphansi, futhi uyigcine ivaliwe izinsuku ezingu-3 - 4.
Omiyane nezimpukane
Egunjini lapho kugxilwe khona izinambuzane ezindala, sebenzisa i-DDVP 80% EC (amafutha e-emulsified) izikhathi ezingama-500 kuya kweziyi-1000 eziwuketshezi, fafaza phansi endlini, bese uvala igumbi ihora elingu-1 kuye kwayi-2.
Izimbungulu, amaphela
Fafaza i-DDVP 80%EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) izikhathi ezingu-300 kuya kwezingu-400 emabhodini emibhede, ezindongeni, ngaphansi kwemibhede, nasezindaweni ezivame ukuvalelwa amaphela, bese uvala igumbi ihora elingu-1 ukuya kwangu-2 ngaphambi kokukhipha umoya.
Ukuxuba
I-Dichlorvos ingaxutshwa ne-methamidophos, i-bifenthrin, njll. ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle.
I-Dichlorvos kulula ukubangela ukulimala kwezidakamizwa emabeleni, futhi inqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi ifakwe emabeleni. Izithombo zommbila, ikhabe kanye nobhontshisi nazo zisengozini yokulimala, ngakho qaphela lapho uzisebenzisa. Lapho ufutha izikhathi ezingaphansi kuka-1200 ukugcwala kwe-dichlorvos kuma-apula ngemva kokuqhakaza, kulula futhi ukulinyazwa ama-dichlorvos.
I-Dichlorvos akufanele ihlanganiswe nezidakamizwa ze-alkaline kanye nomanyolo.
I-Dichlorvos kufanele isetshenziswe njengoba ilungiswa, futhi i-dilution akufanele igcinwe. I-Dichlorvos EC (i-emulsifiable concentrate) akufanele ihlanganiswe namanzi ngesikhathi sokugcina.
Lapho usebenzisa ama-dichlorvos endlini yokugcina impahla noma endlini, abafake izicelo kufanele bagqoke imaski futhi bageze izandla, ubuso nezinye izingxenye zomzimba eziveziwe ngensipho ngemva kokufaka isicelo. Ngemuva kwesicelo sangaphakathi, umoya omncane uyadingeka ngaphambi kokungena. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-dichlorvos endlini, izitsha kufanele zihlanzwe nge-detergent ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
I-Dichlorvos kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi engenawo umoya.
1. Khipha izimpethu: Nciphisa izikhathi ezingu-500 bese ufutha endaweni ye-cesspit noma indle, sebenzisa u-0.25-0.5mL wesisombululo sesitoko ngemitha yesikwele ngayinye.
2. Khipha izintwala: Fafaza ingxube ehlanjululwe eshiwo ngenhla emseleni bese uyishiya amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu.
3. Ukubulala omiyane nezimpukane: 2mL wesixazululo sokuqala, engeza u-200mL wamanzi, uthele phansi, vala amafasitela ihora elingu-1, noma cwilisa isisombululo sokuqala ngendwangu yendwangu bese uyilengisa endlini. Sebenzisa cishe u-3-5mL endlini ngayinye, futhi umphumela ungaqinisekiswa izinsuku ezingu-3-7.
1. Gcina kuphela esitsheni sokuqala. Kuvalwe ngokuqinile. Gcina ekamelweni elinomoya omuhle.
Gcina ngokuhlukene nokudla futhi uphakele endaweni engenawo amapayipi amanzi noma indle.
2. Ukuvikelwa komuntu siqu: izingubo ezivikela amakhemikhali ezihlanganisa nemishini yokuphefumula ezimele. Ungawakhiphi amanzi.
3. Qoqa uketshezi oluvuzayo esitsheni esivalekayo. Munca uketshezi ngesihlabathi noma into emunca inert. Bese ugcina futhi ulahle ngokuhambisana nemithetho yendawo.